Machines for racking channel-like devices



Feb. 25, 1958 H. MORIN MACHINES FOR RACKING CHANNEL-LIKE DEVICES Original Filed Oct. 7; 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNVENTOR LOUIS H. MORI ATTORN Y Feb. 25, 1958 L. H. MORIN 2,824,653

MACHINES FOR RACKING CHANNEL-LIKE DEVICES Original Filed Oct. 7, 1948 r 4 Sheets$heet 2 Fig.2. g;

i I v l Z5 INVENTOR LOUIS H. MORIN ATTORN Y Feb. 25, 1958 L. H. MORIN 2,824,653

MACHINES FOR RACKING CHANNEL-LIKE DEVICES INVENTQR LOUIS H. MORIN Y v ATTOR Y Feb. 25, 1958 L. H. MORlN 2,824,653

MACHINES FOR RACKING CHANNEL-LIKE DEVICES Original Filed 001;. '7, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR LOUIS H. MORIN ATTORN United tates Patent MACHINES FOR RACKING CHANNEL-LIKE DEVICES Louis H. Morin, Bronx, N. Y.

Original application October 7, 1948, Serial No. 53,255, now Patent No. 2,649,200, dated August 18, 1953. Divided and this application August 23, 1952, Serial No. 305,975

8 Claims. (Cl. 214-8) This invention relates to machines for automatically loading channel-like devices, such for example as separable fastener stringer sliders, at spaced intervals along a rack for the purpose of supporting said devices for the purpose of enamelling or otherwise coating the same. More particularly, the invention deals with a machine of the character described, wherein devices of the kind defined are automatically picked-up in a hopper and fed to a delivery chute, means being provided in the hopper for ejecting devices which have been inaccurately positioned on the feed means, so that all devices are delivered to the chute in a common position.

Still more particularly, the invention deals with a machine of the character defined, wherein means is disposed along the delivery chute for controlling positioning of the devices in the chute and for controlling one by one discharge of the devices onto a rack and, still more particularly, the invention deals with a machine of the character described, wherein a rack is intermittently fed to bring predetermined spaced sections thereof into position for reception of the respective devices.

The novel features of the invention will be best understood from the following description, when taken together with the accompanying drawing, in which certain embodiments of the invention are disclosed and, in which, the separate parts are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views and, in which:

Fig. l is a front view of the machine with parts of the construction broken away and with parts in section.

Fig. 2 is a view looking in'the direction of the arrow 2 of Fig. 1, with parts of the construction broken away and in section.

Fig. 3 is a detail section, substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 4 is a View looking in the direction of the arrow 4 of Fig. 3 showing part of the contruction.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing drives to various shafts of the machine.

Fig. 6 is a view like Fig. 2 showing, on an enlarged scale, escapement and wiper mechanism of the machine.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the structure, as seen in Fig. 10.

Fig. 8 is a plan section on the line 88 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a partial section on the line 99 of Fig. 1, showing the pull turner device.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail view of adjacent ends of racks with the mounting of the slider in the groove or notch of the rack blade; and

Fig. 11 is adiagrammatic detail view of part of the rack feed mechanism.

My present application constitutes a division of my prior application Serial Number 53,255; filed October 7, 1948, now Patent No. 2,649,200, issued August 18,

My invention deals with a machine which is adapted to arrange a plurality of devices in spaced relationship to each other on a rack, whereby the filled racks can be moved to other stations where the devices can i be coated with enamel or other coating material,whieh may be sprayed on the devices so that at least all exposed surfaces of the devices will be coated.

In practice, a series of racks will be utilized in the machine, each rack having means for detachably supporting a blade, on which the devices are arranged, so that a substantially continuous uninterrupted process can be provided, that is to say, a sufiicient number of racks will be employed to carry out a continued process from the applicator or coating station to a drying or heater station, after which the devices are removed from the rack, the rack cleaned to remove enamel or coating material therefrom and, then, returned to the machine for reception of other devices.

In the present application, I am concerned primarily with the machine for loading the racks with the devices and, in illustrating an adaptation and use of the machine, I have 5110mm the accompanying drawing, the same applied to the racking of sliders of separable fasteners, the sliders comprising channelled bodies having a pull, pivoted on one wall thereof.

With devices of this type and kind, it is essential to guide the devices through the chute and, finally, onto the rack with all of the devices in one position. To accomplish this result, I have provided means, such as described in my prior application, for automatically picking-up sliders and for ejecting', from the pick-up means, sliders which arein the wrong position thereon, whereby I all sliders, delivered to the chute leading from the hopper, will be in common arrangement. Each rack employed .in the machine is in the form of a channelled bar, hav- -ing an article supporting blade detachably clamped there- 'on. The blade has longitudinally spacednotches for definitely positioning articles on the blade and said notches are utilized to intermittently feed the blade into positions for receiving successive devices delivered from the machine.

Various mechanisms of the machine are controlled through a series of air valves suitably timed foroperation to provide the continuous and synchronized opera- Ttion which will be more clearly hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawing, I have shown at 25 the table of the machine, on an upstanding frame 26 of which is disposed a large box-shaped container'27, in which the devices to be racked are adapted to be placed. In the :present illustration, the devices are in the, form of separable fastener sliders 28, note Figs. 9, 10 and 11. The sliders are in the form of channelled bodies having 'fingerpieces or pulls 29, pivoted on one wall thereof, the

.channel of the slider being designated by the reference character 30. The upper end of the container 27 has an inclined wall 31. Disposed within the container is a workpiece or slider pick-up member 32 which is disposed adjacent one wall of the casing, the member having an upper inclined blade edge 33, upon which the sliders 28 are adapted to be arranged in movement of the member 32 in said container. I a

On the table of the machine is an electric motor and gear reduction unit 34 which drives a cam shaft 35 through a chain and sprocket construction, namely 'a sprocket 36 on the motor shaft 34,'a sprocket 37 on the cam shaft and a chain 38 engaging said. sprockets, note Fig. 1. Suitably supported in a frame 39 on the machine is a shaft 40, on which is arranged a sprocket 41. Around the sprocket 41 passes a chain 42, which passes around asaeeas engagement witl.v the cam by a spring 50 supported on a rod 51, pivoted to the lever 47, as seen at 52. On a bracket 53 of the frame is arranged a spring stop 54. Pivcted on the bracket 53, as seen at 55, is a rocker 56, to the short arm 57 of which is pivoted the lever 47, the long arm 58 of the lever having a sliding mounting, as at 59, on a rod 60 pivoted to the lower end of the workpiece pick-up member 32, as seen at 61. Mounted on the rod 60 are adjustable stop screws 62 and the coil spring 63, the tension of which is adjusted by nuts 64. It will thus be seen that upward and downward movement of the member 32 and its blade 33 is controlled through the arm 47 and lever 56 by actuation of the cam .46. The entire drive is through tensional means so as to be semipositive. The stroke of the member 32 is sufficient to bring the blade 33 deeply into the container to give ample opportunity to pick up severaLdevices-ZSineach upward movement of the blade 33.

A magazine 69 has a channel 70 into-which the'sliders 28 pass. Where the magazine 69 registerswith the'casing 27, the casing has a gate opening 71,-which is normally closed by a pivoted gate device 72. At 73 is shown an air actuated plunger for moving the. gate member 72 into opened position to allow ,the sliders to enter the channel 70.

Rotatably mounted in the magazine 69is a :toothwheel 75, for engaging-the sliders as they enter therchannel 70 to properly set or position the devices in ;the channel. The tooth-wheel 75 isarranged on a shaft 75'. On the shaft 75' is a sprocket 76 driven by a chain 77, the latter passing around a sprocket 78 on a stub shaft 79, on which shaft is. another sprocket 79' driving a chain 80, which passes around a sprocket 80' on the shaft .40.

Asthesliders pass downwardly through the magazine, it is desirable to position the same 'for riding over arounded shoe 81, which conforms to the contour of the side edge of the slider, so as to position the same in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing between a pair of pivoted jaws 82. Adjustably coupled with the jaws 82 is a spring 83 which normally supports the jaws in position engaging side surfaces of the slider, as shown in said figure.

Supported in connection with the magazine is another stub shaft 84 which. is driven from a sprocket 85 having a chain 86 which passes around another sprocket on the shaft of the tooth-wheel 75. On the shaft 84 is an eccentric 87 which actuates a block 88 to which is pivoted a yoke-shaped end 89 of a pin '90. On the lower end of the pin is a seat 91,; uponwhichmeats the arm 92 of a workpiece or slidenfeed finger 93. On the pin 90 is a spring 94 which normally supports the finger in operative position for engagement with. a'slider. The finger 93 is pivoted, as seenat95, in.a-forked end 96 of an arm 97, the arm, in t u rn,:haying anloscillatory mounting on a pin or bolt 98.

With this construction, it will. appearthat the slider feed finger 93 will have asubstantia'lly positive feed in the downward movement to force-feed the slider .through the jaws 82. The jaws, swinging on their pivots against the action of the spring 83, thus free the slider 28 to drop into the lower perpendicular portion 69. of the magazine or chute. This feed to the chute maynbe such as to keep a constant supply in the section69' of the chute.

After the slider has been delivered, the eccentric 84 moves the pin 90 upwardly: andgin this operation, the finger is rocked on its pivot95 to swing clear of the next successive slider and thento move downwardly upon this slider held in the jaws 82. It will, therefore, appear that an intermittent feed of the sliders, from. the upper magazine into the lower vertical magazine is provided. The sliders then drop to afinal one by one feed mechanism at the lower portion ofthe magazine or chute 69'.

It will appear, from a consideration of Fig. 2, that-the lower part of the magazine or chute-is curved and the delivery referrecl toabove comprises a dog-type escapement arm or member 99, pivoted to the chute, as seen at 100. (See Fig. 7.) The member 99 has a socket end 101 adapted to engage individual sliders, so that the flange 101' holds the last slider as the member 99 is tripped by an air actuated plunger 102 and then releases the slider on return of the member .99 to normal position by a spring actuated plunger 103. Upon being released, the slider drops to the lower end of the chute and it is momentarily held in position by a pivoted gate portion 104 of the chute, which gate .portion is swung into inoperative position by a delivery wiper 105 engaging the slider which delivers the slider 28 to the blade 106 of a channel-type rack 107.

The wiper 105. is secured to a pin or shaft 108, to which is secured a rocker arm 109. The arm is actuated through the medium of a long link 110, pivotally coupled to a cam actuated lever 111, pivoted as seen at 112. The lever 111 is actuated by a cam 113 on the cam shaft 35, note Fig. 2. In other words, in each cycle of operation of the machine, a single'slider 28 is moved by the delivery wiper 105 into mounted position upon the blade 106, the slider 28 being seated for a fixed position on the edge of the blade by engagement with one of a number of V-shaped notches 114.

Mounted on thebed plate or table 25 of the machine is a long rack guide and supporting table 115 having longitudinally spaced base rollers 116 embedded therein -forfree movement of the rack107, the rack being further guided by longitudinally: spaced pairs of rollers 117. Any suitable means can be provided for delivery of the racks edge to. edge over the. table 115 or they can be fed by hand so as to maintain abutting engagement. It will be noted, from a consideration of Fig. 10, that end notches 114; on the blades 106 of the racks, are spaced a distance 'one-half the normal spacing of the grooves along the edge of the blades 106st) that, whenthe racks abut, a constant feed iswprovided between adjacent racks. It will also appear in Fig. 10'that'the web 118 of the slider 28 engages the groove 114 in definitely positioning the slider -0n the blade 106.

On the shaft 45 are secured two arms 119 and 120, the

=arm.119 having pivoted therein a rack feed pawl 121 normally tensioned by a spring-pressed pin 122 for constantengagement with the upper edge of the blade 106 to engage the notches 114, while permitting relative movement of the blade withrespect to the pawl.

Pivoted to the arm 1 20 is a sleeve 123 which is slidable ion. a rod 124 and held. in different adjusted positions under the tension of a spring '125. The rod 124 has an enlarged disc head 126, which is actuated by an eccentric 127 on the crankshaft 35 sothat, in each cycle of operation of the machine, the feed pawl- 121 moves to the right, as seen in Fig. 10,to advance the bar 106 one suitable tensicning means which comprises a fixed, but

adjustable, member 129 and a spring actuated member 130 .comprisinga shoe, which is pivotally supported on an end of a lever 131, the other end of the lever sliding on a rodf 132, on which is arranged a spring 133, the tension of'whichis adjusted by nuts 134, note Fig. 4. Itwillgthus, .be apparent that the blade 106 is retained in fixed position, at all times, except in the positive feed thereof through themedium of the pawl 121.

The sliders 28 are delivered on the rack with the pulls 29 there'ofdisposed forwardly, as seen in Fig. 9. To facilitate-application of coating materialg'it is desirable to first lift ,the'downwardly hanging pulls '29 to arrange' As the bar 106 moves intermittently to the right and the pulls 29 pass over the finger 135, the .pulls are gradually raised until they assume the position shown in Fig. 9.

Supported directly above the pawl 121 is a pawl trip ping arm 137, pivoted as seen at 138, and normally held in inoperative position by a spring 139. The arm 137 is adapted to be moved into a lowered position by an air actuated plunger 140, so as to engage a roller 141 on the pivoted end portion of the pawl to depress this end portion against the action of the spring pin 122 to retain the pawl in raised inoperative position to prevent feed of the bar 106, notwithstanding the fact that the pawl is still reciprocating back and forth in its normal feed motion.

The arm 137 is made sufficiently long to retain the.

for discharge through the exhaust pipe 148 to extend to the casing 140, in which the plunger 140 is arranged. In other words, if the delivery wiper fails to engage a slider 28 at the discharge end of the magazine or chute,

the wiper 105 will have an extended free motion, sufficient.

to actuate the plunger valve 144, thus allowing air to enter the casing 140 and, as a result, the pawl 121 is moved into the inoperative position, preventing feed of the blade 106.

Also, on the shaft 108 is an arm 149 which may comprise part of the lever 109 and, to this arm is pivoted a long rod 150, having an adjustable trip block 151 thereon and a spring 152 which normally supports the lever 111- in engagement with the cam 113. The spring perates upon a rod guide 153 supported on the magazine, as seen in Fig. 2 of the drawing.

Pivotally supported on the valve casing 145 is a catch device or dog 154, the offset or hook end 155 of which is normally supported out of engagement with a groove 144' in the valve 144 by engagement of the dog 154 with the block 151. However, when the feed wiper 105 is moved into operative position, the block 151 is moved out of engagement with the dog 154 and a spring 156 moves the projection 155 in position for engaging the groove 144', providing the valve 144 has been moved inwardly by the trip arm 142 to register the groove 144' with the projection 155.

The normal position of the plunger valve 144 is shown in Fig. 6 of the drawing, which communication of the air supply from 147 is cut 011 to the pipe 148 and the air is vented to atmosphere through the valve casing 145, as seen by the exhaust port 145'.

Arranged on the cam shaft 35 is a cam 157 for actuating an air valve 158 for admitting air to a valve cas ing 159, note Fig. 8, air being admitted to the casing, as indicated at 160 and, in the casing, is a spring controlled valve 161 which is normally held in open position by a lever 162 pivoted to the valve casing 159 and engaging the side surface of the rack 107, the lever having a roller 163 for free movement over the rack. It will be apparent that, if a rack end presents itself at the position of the lever 162, the spring pressed valve 161 will be moved into an inoperative position to shut-01f transmission of air to the discharge pipe 164 which leads to the plunger casing 102', in which the plunger 102 is arranged. In other words, normally air is intermittently supplied to the casing 102 by action of the cam 157 to control operation of the escapement arm 99. However, when racks cease to be fed into the machine or a rack end is reached, .the escapement mechanism is rendered inoperative.

On the cam shaft 35 is another cam 165 which actuates another air valve 166 for controlling supply of air through a pipe 166' to the casing 73 in which the air actuated plunger 73 is arranged for operating the gate 72. On the cam shaft 35 is another cam 167 for actuating another air valve 168, which controls intermittent supply of air to the casings 68' through a pipe 168, in which the plungers 68 are employed. This controls operation of the stripper 67. It will be apparent that the timing of the respective cams 113, 157, 165 and 167 is such as to provide the synchronized operation of the various mechanisms such as the delivery wiper, the escapement mechanism and the gate and strippers for continued operation of the machine, the automatic controls insofar as final delivery of the sliders to the rack being controlled by the other air valve mechanisms employed.

One end of the cam shaft includes a wheel 169, by means of which the cam shaft can be operated from time to time when the power is shut oil to the drive motor of the machine.

Arranged on the cam shaft 35 is a suitable clutch mechanism, generally identified by the reference character 170, for coupling the drive of the sprocket 37 with the cam shaft. A suitable handle 171 will be provided for moving the clutch into operative and inoperative positions. It will be understood that the clutch normally idles on the shaft until the clutch mechanism is thrown into engaging position, at which time, the cam shaft is blade to support the devices in the operation of enamel-' ling or otherwise coating the same. In different devices, the structure of the magazine and other parts, which di rectly engage the devices, will be modified to suit the,

varying structures in the devices.

The operation of the machine will be readily understood from the foregoing description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the fol lowing statement.

Tracing the cycle from the point of picking up a slider from the container, the slider is first delivered to the upper end of the magazine and it is then actuated by the tooth-wheel for proper alinernent and positioning before passing over the rounded surface 81 for straightening and again positioning the slider for transmission to the first stop position on the magazine. This position is at the spring tensioned arms or jaws 82. From this position, the slider is positively delivered into the magazine, or chute section 69', by the finger 93.

The magazine 69 momentarily stores the sliders and. the sliders are then positively delivered one by one by the delivery or escapement mechanism comprising the arm 99 in timed relation with the operation of the rack 107 which is intermittently fed step by step in each cycle of operation of the machine to bring successive notches 114 into position to receive successive sliders 28. The

wiper delivery comprising the wiper finger controls the final delivery of the slider to its position on the rack control automatic stoppage of the rack feedas heretofore set forth.

gaseous Astheoperations of the machine continue; the rack end reachesthe station having the automatic stop controlmechanism comprising ithe ar'm 162 and-its roller163.

If another rack has-not been positioned for feed into themachine and assumed an abutting relationship with the filled rack, then this mechanism will function to shut-off the supply of air to' the escapement or delivery arm 99, thus stopping delivery of-sliders to the final wiper feed station. As long as successive .racks are'maintained in the machine, an uninterrupted-feed and delivery of devices to the racks will b'e'maintained;

In the intermittent feed of the rack or racks, it will be apparent that the feed pawl 121 engages the V-shaped notches 114 of the rack blade 106 in producing the desired feed and this provides a positive control of feed motion of the rack. Friction means is provided-as above stated for retaining the rack-constantly in fixed position, so that the rack is movable only upon the force feed by the feed pawl, otherwise the rack is retained against movement ineither direction by said means.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine 'for placinga series of channeled articles on a rack in spaced relation to each other, the combination of a downwardly sioping deliverychute having a discharge outlet at the lower end thereof, means in said chute for releasing articles in said chute one at a time to the discharge outlet, :a rack located at the discharge outlet of the delivery chute for receivingarticles therefrom, said rack being movable relative to the delivery chute, driving means for moving said rackin step by step movement relative to the delivery chute, wiper meansfor engaging with and moving articles from the discharge outlet of the chute onto the rack and means actuated by said Wiper means for rendering said driving means inoperative upon failure of rack to receive an article from the delivery chute.

, 2. In a machine for placing a series of channeled articles on a rack, the combination defined in claim 1 which includes a gate pivotally supported at the discharge out let of the delivery chute, said gate engaging with and holding an article at the discharge outlet of the chute in position for engagement with the Wiper.

3. In a machine for placing a series of channeled articles on a rack, the combination as defined in claim 1 wherein the rack for receiving the articles comprises a U-shaped member and a blade adjustably mounted on said U-shaped .member, said blade having an edgepositioned directly beneath the discharge outlet of the delivery chute, said edge having spaced notches thereon for receiving the articles and for engaging with the driving means.

4. In a machine for placing a series of channeled articles on a rack, the combination as defined in claim 1 wherein the driving means for moving the rack in a step by step movement includes a pawl normally engaging with the rack and the means for rendering the driving means inoperative includes a pivoted lever, said lever normally being held out of engagement with the pawl and being movable into engagement with the pawl to lift the pawl out of engagement with the rack.

5. In a machine for placing a series of channeled slider bodies having pulls on one side thereof on a rack in spaced relation to each other, the combination of a downwardly sloping delivery chute having a discharge outlet at the lower end thereof, said chute comprising a pair of spaced rails, said rails fitting into channels on opposite sides of a slider body and supporting the-slider body thereon, a lever pivoted on said chute and engaging with and holding the slider bodies against downwardmovement between the rails, said lever being pivotally movable to release the slider. bodies one by one to the dis charge outlet of the chute, a rack located at the discharge outlet for receiving the slider bodies thereon, said rack being movable relative to the delivery chute and including a blade having an edge positioned beneath'the discharge outlet-of the chute; said blade having spaced notches along saidedge, saidtnotches engaging with a web in the slider -bodies :and positioningthe slider bodies on the blade andmeansfor advancing the rack in :a step by step-movement relative to the discharge outlet of the chute, said means including a driving pawl'engaging with the spacednotches in the blade.

6. In a machine for placing-a series of channeled I slider-bodies having pulls on one side thereof ona rack in spaced relation to each other, the combination of a downwardly sloping-delivery chute having a discharge outlet at the lower end thereof, said chute com rising a pair of spaced rails, said railsfitting into channels on opposite sides of-a slider body'and supporting the slider body thereon, a lever pivoted on 'said chute and engaging with and holding the slider bodies against downward movement betweenthe rails,'-said lever being pivotally movable to release the slider bodies one by one to the discharge outlet of the chute, a rack located at the discharge outlet for receiving'the slider bodies thereon, said rack being movable relative to the delivery chute and including a blade havinganedge positioned beneath the discharge :outlet :of the chute, said blade having spaced notches'along said edge, said notches engaging with a web in the slider bodies and positioning the slider bodies on the blade, means for advancing the rack in a step by step movement relative to the discharge outlet of the chute, said means includinga driving pawl engaging with the spaced notches-in the blade, a wiper engaging with a slider body at the discharge'outlet for placing the slider body on the blade of the rack and means actuated by said wiper for renderingthe pawl of the advancing means inoperative upon failure of-the wiper to engage with a :slider body.

7. In-a machine forplacing'a series of channeled slider bodies having pulls on one side thereof on a rack in spaced-relationto each other; the combination of a downwardly'sloping delivery chute having a discharge outlet at the lower end thereof, said chute comprising a pair of spaced rails, said rails fitting into channels on opposite sides of a slider bodyaand supporting the slider body thereon, a lever pivoted on said chute and engaging with and holding the slider" bodies against downward movement between the rails, said lever being pivotally movable to release "the slider bodies one by one to the discharge outlet of the chute, a rack located at the dis charge outlet for receiving the slider bodies thereon, said rack being movable relative to the delivery chute and including a bladehaving an edge positioned beneath the discharge outlet of the chute, said blade having spaced notches along said edge, said notches engaging with a web in the slider; bodies and positioning the slider bodies on theblade means for advancing the rack in a step by stepmovement relative to the discharge outlet of the chute, said means including a driving pawl engaging with thespaced notches in the blade, and means for engaging with and raising the pulls on the slider bodies on the rack in response to the advancing movement of the rack.

8. In a machine-for placing a series of articles on a rack in spaced relation to each other, the combination of a downwardly-inclined delivery chute through which articles pass by gravity, said delivery chute having a discharge outlet at the lower end thereof, means in said chute for releasing articles one at a time to the discharge outlet, a rack'located at the discharge outlet for receiving articlesfrom the, chute, said rack being movable relative to said chute, means for advancing the rack in a step by' step movernent relative to the delivery chute, and meansfor, rendering said advancing means inopenativeupon failure ofthe rack to receive an article from-the delivery chute, said last-mentioned means ineluding a wiper engaging with each article delivered to on the rack.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITEDVSTATES PATENTS Mason et al Dec. 18, 1934 10 Toelke et al May 19, 1942. Poole et a1 Oct. 3, 1944 Best et a1 Mar. 13, 1945 Stutz July 9, 1946 Woodberry et a1 Dec. 23, 1947 Hopkins et a1 Oct. 16, 1951 Goerlitz Oct. 14, 1952 Simshauser July 27, 1954 

